本文由小咖机器人翻译整理

期刊来源：JAMA

原文链接：https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2024.2413

摘要内容如下：

重要性

自2015年以来，美国政府和相关人员报告称，在经历侵入性声音和头部压力后，出现了头晕、疼痛、视觉问题和认知功能障碍。美国政府已将这些异常健康事件（AHIs）归类为异常健康事件。

目的

评估AHIS参与者在临床、研究和生物标志物评估方面是否与美国政府对照参与者存在显著差异。

设计、设置和参与者

2018年6月至2022年7月在美国国立卫生研究院临床中心进行的探索性研究，涉及来自古巴、奥地利、中国和其他地方的86名美国政府工作人员和家庭成员，以及30名美国政府控制参与者。

曝光

阿希斯。

主要成果和措施

参与者通过广泛的临床、听觉、前庭、平衡、视觉、神经心理学和血液生物标志物（胶质纤维酸性蛋白和神经丝光）测试进行评估。根据AHI的风险特征、相关病例和地理位置对患者进行分析。

结果

86名患有急性高原症的参与者（42名女性和44名男性）；平均[SD]年龄，42.1[9.1]岁）和30名职业匹配的政府控制参与者（11名女性和19名男性；平均[SD]年龄，43.8[10.1]岁）纳入分析。从最近的事件开始，对患有AHIS的参与者进行评估，中位数为76天（IQR，30-537）。总体而言，在大多数听觉、前庭、认知或视觉功能以及血液生物标志物水平的测试中，AHIS参与者和对照组参与者之间没有显著差异。与对照组参与者相比，AHIS参与者的疲劳、抑郁、创伤后应激、失衡和神经行为症状显著增加。基于事件的风险特征或AHIS的地理位置，这些调查结果没有差异。24例（28%）AHI患者表现为神经功能障碍。

结论和相关性

在这项探索性研究中，在大多数临床、研究和生物标志物测量方面，除了客观和自我报告的不平衡和疲劳、创伤后应激和抑郁症状的测量外，报告AHIS的个体和匹配的对照参与者之间没有显著差异。这项研究没有重复以前的研究结果，尽管所包括的人群和评估时间的差异限制了直接比较。

英文原文如下：

Abstracts

Importance  Since 2015, US government and related personnel have reported dizziness, pain, visual problems, and cognitive dysfunction after experiencing intrusive sounds and head pressure. The US government has labeled these anomalous health incidents (AHIs).

Objective  To assess whether participants with AHIs differ significantly from US government control participants with respect to clinical, research, and biomarker assessments.

Design, Setting, and Participants  Exploratory study conducted between June 2018 and July 2022 at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, involving 86 US government staff and family members with AHIs from Cuba, Austria, China, and other locations as well as 30 US government control participants.

Exposures  AHIs.

Main Outcomes and Measures  Participants were assessed with extensive clinical, auditory, vestibular, balance, visual, neuropsychological, and blood biomarkers (glial fibrillary acidic protein and neurofilament light) testing. The patients were analyzed based on the risk characteristics of the AHI identifying concerning cases as well as geographic location.

Results  Eighty-six participants with AHIs (42 women and 44 men; mean [SD] age, 42.1 [9.1] years) and 30 vocationally matched government control participants (11 women and 19 men; mean [SD] age, 43.8 [10.1] years) were included in the analyses. Participants with AHIs were evaluated a median of 76 days (IQR, 30-537) from the most recent incident. In general, there were no significant differences between participants with AHIs and control participants in most tests of auditory, vestibular, cognitive, or visual function as well as levels of the blood biomarkers. Participants with AHIs had significantly increased fatigue, depression, posttraumatic stress, imbalance, and neurobehavioral symptoms compared with the control participants. There were no differences in these findings based on the risk characteristics of the incident or geographic location of the AHIs. Twenty-four patients (28%) with AHI presented with functional neurological disorders.

Conclusions and Relevance  In this exploratory study, there were no significant differences between individuals reporting AHIs and matched control participants with respect to most clinical, research, and biomarker measures, except for objective and self-reported measures of imbalance and symptoms of fatigue, posttraumatic stress, and depression. This study did not replicate the findings of previous studies, although differences in the populations included and the timing of assessments limit direct comparisons.

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