本文由小咖机器人翻译整理

期刊来源：JAMA

原文链接：https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2024.0865

摘要内容如下：

重要性

含有精神活性大麻衍生的Δ8-四氢大麻酚（THC）的软糖、加味电子烟装置和其他大麻产品越来越多地在美国销售，并声称是联邦合法的，可与大麻相媲美。缺乏关于美国青少年中Δ8-THC使用的流行率和相关性以及与大麻使用的比较的国家数据。

目的

评估过去12个月美国青少年中自我报告的与Δ8-THC和大麻使用相关的患病率以及社会人口统计学和政策因素。

设计、设置和参与者

这项具有全国代表性的横断面分析包括随机选择的美国27个州的12年级学生，他们在2023年2月至6月期间参与了监测未来研究的校内调查。

曝光

自我报告的性别、种族、民族和父母教育程度；普查区域；国家级成人使用（即娱乐）大麻合法化（是与否）；以及国家级Δ8-THC政策（受监管与不受监管）。

主要成果和措施

主要结果是过去12个月中自我报告的Δ8-THC和大麻使用情况（任何与未使用和使用次数）。

结果

在2186名12年级学生样本中（平均年龄17.7岁；1054[48.9%加权]为女性；232名[11.1%]为黑人，411名[23.5%]为西班牙裔，1113名[46.1%]为白人，328名[14.2%]为多种族），过去12个月中自我报告的Δ8-THC使用率为11.4%（95%CI，8.6%-14.2%），大麻使用率为30.4%（95%CI，26.5%-34.4%）。在295名报告使用Δ8-THC的参与者中，35.4%的人在过去12个月中至少使用了10次。西部与南部人口普查地区相比，Δ8-THC的使用率较低（5.0%比14.3%；风险差异[RD]，-9.4%[95%CI，-15.2%至-3.5%]；调整后的风险比[ARR]，0.35[95%CI，0.16-0.77]），其中Δ8-THC被调节vs未调节的状态（5.7%vs 14.4%；RD，-8.6%[95%CI，-12.9%to-4.4%]；ARR，0.42[95%CI，0.23-0.74]），以及有和没有合法成人使用大麻的州（8.0%vs 14.0%；RD，-6.0%[95%CI，-10.8%to-1.2%]；ARR，0.56[95%CI，0.35-0.91]）。在过去12个月中，西班牙裔参与者使用Δ8-THC的比例低于白人参与者（7.3%vs 14.4%；RD，-7.2%[95%CI，-12.2%to-2.1%]；ARR，0.54[95%CI，0.34-0.87]）和大麻（24.5%vs 33.0%；RD，-8.5%[95%CI，-14.9%to-2.1%]；ARR，0.74[95%CI，0.59-0.94]）。Δ8-THC和大麻使用流行率不因性别或父母教育程度而异。

结论和相关性

Δ8-THC的使用流行率在美国青少年中相当可观，在没有大麻合法化或现有Δ8-THC法规的州更高。可能需要优先考虑针对青少年Δ8-THC使用的监测、政策和公共卫生工作。

英文原文如下：

Abstracts

Importance  Gummies, flavored vaping devices, and other cannabis products containing psychoactive hemp-derived Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) are increasingly marketed in the US with claims of being federally legal and comparable to marijuana. National data on prevalence and correlates of Δ8-THC use and comparisons to marijuana use among adolescents in the US are lacking.

Objective  To estimate the self-reported prevalence of and sociodemographic and policy factors associated with Δ8-THC and marijuana use among US adolescents in the past 12 months.

Design, Setting, and Participants  This nationally representative cross-sectional analysis included a randomly selected subset of 12th-grade students in 27 US states who participated in the Monitoring the Future Study in-school survey during February to June 2023.

Exposures  Self-reported sex, race, ethnicity, and parental education; census region; state-level adult-use (ie, recreational) marijuana legalization (yes vs no); and state-level Δ8-THC policies (regulated vs not regulated).

Main Outcomes and Measures  The primary outcome was self-reported Δ8-THC and marijuana use in the past 12 months (any vs no use and number of occasions used).

Results  In the sample of 2186 12th-grade students (mean age, 17.7 years; 1054 [48.9% weighted] were female; 232 [11.1%] were Black, 411 [23.5%] were Hispanic, 1113 [46.1%] were White, and 328 [14.2%] were multiracial), prevalence of self-reported use in the past 12 months was 11.4% (95% CI, 8.6%-14.2%) for Δ8-THC and 30.4% (95% CI, 26.5%-34.4%) for marijuana. Of those 295 participants reporting Δ8-THC use, 35.4% used it at least 10 times in the past 12 months. Prevalence of Δ8-THC use was lower in Western vs Southern census regions (5.0% vs 14.3%; risk difference [RD], -9.4% [95% CI, -15.2% to -3.5%]; adjusted risk ratio [aRR], 0.35 [95% CI, 0.16-0.77]), states in which Δ8-THC was regulated vs not regulated (5.7% vs 14.4%; RD, -8.6% [95% CI, -12.9% to -4.4%]; aRR, 0.42 [95% CI, 0.23-0.74]), and states with vs without legal adult-use marijuana (8.0% vs 14.0%; RD, -6.0% [95% CI, -10.8% to -1.2%]; aRR, 0.56 [95% CI, 0.35-0.91]). Use in the past 12 months was lower among Hispanic than White participants for Δ8-THC (7.3% vs 14.4%; RD, -7.2% [95% CI, -12.2% to -2.1%]; aRR, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.34-0.87]) and marijuana (24.5% vs 33.0%; RD, -8.5% [95% CI, -14.9% to -2.1%]; aRR, 0.74 [95% CI, 0.59-0.94]). Δ8-THC and marijuana use prevalence did not differ by sex or parental education.

Conclusions and Relevance  Δ8-THC use prevalence is appreciable among US adolescents and is higher in states without marijuana legalization or existing Δ8-THC regulations. Prioritizing surveillance, policy, and public health efforts addressing adolescent Δ8-THC use may be warranted.

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