Ann Intern Med:现有失眠治疗对血液透析患者的有效性:一项随机临床试验

2024-01-18 来源:Ann Intern Med

本文由小咖机器人翻译整理

期刊来源:Ann Intern Med

原文链接:https://doi.org/10.7326/M23-1794

摘要内容如下:

背景

慢性失眠在接受中心血液透析的患者中很常见,但对这一人群进行有效治疗的证据有限。

客观

比较认知行为疗法(CBT-I)、曲唑酮和安慰剂对长期血液透析患者失眠的疗效。

设计

随机、多中心、双盲、安慰剂对照试验。(ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT03534284)

设置

新墨西哥州阿尔伯克基和华盛顿州西雅图的26个透析单位。

参与者

失眠严重指数(ISI)评分为10或更高的患者,每周有3个或更多个夜晚出现睡眠障碍,持续3个月或更长时间。

干预

参与者被随机分配接受为期6周的CBT-I、曲唑酮或安慰剂治疗。

测量

主要结果是随机分组后第7周和第25周的ISI评分。

结果

共有923名患者接受了预先筛选,在411名慢性失眠症患者中,126名患者被随机分配到CBT-I(n=43)、曲唑酮(n=42)或安慰剂(n=41)组。从基线到7周,服用CBT-I或曲唑酮的ISI评分变化与安慰剂无差异:CBT-I,-3.7(95%CI,-5.5至-1.9);曲唑酮,-4.2(CI,-5.9至-2.4);安慰剂,-3.1(CI,-4.9至-1.3)。从基线到25周,ISI评分无显著变化:CBT-I,-4.8(CI,-7.0至-2.7);曲唑酮,-4.0(CI,-6.0至-1.9);安慰剂,-4.3(CI,-6.4至-2.2)。严重不良事件(SAE),特别是严重的心血管事件,在曲唑酮组中更常见(年度心血管SAE发生率:CBT-I,0.05[CI,0.00至0.29];曲唑酮,0.64[CI,0.34至1.10];安慰剂,0.21[CI,0.06-0.53])。

局限性

样本量适中,大多数参与者有轻度或中度失眠。

结论

在接受血液透析的轻度或中度慢性失眠患者中,与安慰剂相比,6周的CBT-I或曲唑酮的有效性没有差异。曲唑酮的严重不良事件发生率较高。

主要资金来源

美国国立卫生研究院/国家糖尿病、消化和肾脏疾病研究所。

英文原文如下:

Abstracts

BACKGROUND  Chronic insomnia is common in patients undergoing in-center hemodialysis, yet there is limited evidence on effective treatments for this population.

OBJECTIVE  To compare the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), trazodone, and placebo for insomnia in patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis.

DESIGN  Randomized, multicenter, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03534284).

SETTING  26 dialysis units in Albuquerque, New Mexico, and Seattle, Washington.

PARTICIPANTS  Patients with Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) score of 10 or greater, with sleep disturbances on 3 or more nights per week for 3 or more months.

INTERVENTION  Participants were randomly assigned to 6 weeks of CBT-I, trazodone, or placebo.

MEASUREMENTS  The primary outcome was the ISI score at 7 and 25 weeks from randomization.

RESULTS  A total of 923 patients were prescreened, and of the 411 patients with chronic insomnia, 126 were randomly assigned to CBT-I (n = 43), trazodone (n = 42), or placebo (n = 41). The change in ISI scores from baseline to 7 weeks with CBT-I or trazodone was no different from placebo: CBT-I, -3.7 (95% CI, -5.5 to -1.9); trazodone, -4.2 (CI, -5.9 to -2.4); and placebo, -3.1 (CI, -4.9 to -1.3). There was no meaningful change in ISI scores from baseline to 25 weeks: CBT-I, -4.8 (CI, -7.0 to -2.7); trazodone, -4.0 (CI, -6.0 to -1.9); and placebo, -4.3 (CI, -6.4 to -2.2). Serious adverse events (SAEs), particularly serious cardiovascular events, were more frequent with trazodone (annualized cardiovascular SAE incidence rates: CBT-I, 0.05 [CI, 0.00 to 0.29]; trazodone, 0.64 [CI, 0.34 to 1.10]; and placebo, 0.21 [CI, 0.06 to 0.53]).

LIMITATION  Modest sample size and most participants had mild or moderate insomnia.

CONCLUSION  In patients undergoing hemodialysis with mild or moderate chronic insomnia, there was no difference in the effectiveness of 6 weeks of CBT-I or trazodone compared with placebo. The incidence of SAEs was higher with trazodone.

PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE  National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.

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